Temperature Converter

Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Rankine temperature scales with scientific precision.

--°C
Current conversion

Common Temperatures

Temperature Scales

Celsius (°C)
Metric scale, freezing point of water is 0°C, boiling point is 100°C
Fahrenheit (°F)
Imperial scale, freezing point is 32°F, boiling point is 212°F
Kelvin (K)
Absolute temperature scale, starts at absolute zero (0 K = -273.15°C)
Rankine (°R)
Absolute scale using Fahrenheit degrees, 0°R = absolute zero

Conversion Formulas

  • °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
  • °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9
  • K = °C + 273.15
  • °R = °F + 459.67

Scientific Background

Absolute Zero

The theoretical lowest temperature where molecular motion stops. 0 Kelvin = -273.15°C = -459.67°F. No temperature can be colder than absolute zero.

Triple Point of Water

The unique temperature and pressure where water exists in all three states simultaneously: 0.01°C (273.16 K) at 611.657 pascals.

Human Body Temperature

Normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F). This varies slightly among individuals and throughout the day.

Industrial Applications

Temperature scales are crucial in manufacturing, chemical processing, and quality control where precise temperature measurements ensure product quality.

Real-World Applications

Cooking & Baking

Oven temperatures: Gas Mark 4 = 180°C = 356°F

Perfect for roasting vegetables and baking cakes

Weather Forecasting

Comfortable room temperature: 20-22°C (68-72°F)

Standard HVAC system design range

Scientific Research

Liquid nitrogen boils at: -196°C = -321°F = 77 K

Used for cryogenic preservation and cooling

Industrial Processes

Steel melting point: ~1370°C = ~2500°F

Critical temperature for metallurgy

Extreme Temperatures

Hottest Place on Earth

Lut Desert, Iran: 70.7°C (159.3°F)

Coldest Place on Earth

Antarctica: -89.2°C (-128.6°F)

Sun's Surface

Approximately 5,778 K (5,505°C / 9,941°F)

Deep Space

~2.7 K (-270.45°C / -454.81°F)